Avoiding Endocrine Disruptors Drops Diabetes Risk: Study

Based on epidemiological data, researchers estimate that reducing exposures to certain environmental chemicals could drop people’s chances of developing the disease.

By Kerry Grens | October 27, 2016

Some environmental chemicals, such as plastics additives and certain pesticides, act as endocrine disruptors and can perturb animals’ metabolisms in the lab. Epidemiological studies have also linked human exposures to these substances with an increased risk for developing diabetes. A study published today (October 27) in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health estimates that cutting exposures by 25 percent could reduce the prevalence of diabetes by 13 percent among the elderly in Sweden.

“Extrapolating to Europe, 152,481 cases of diabetes in Europe and €4.51 billion/year in associated costs could be prevented,” the authors, led by Leonardo Trasande at New York University School of Medicine, wrote in their report.

Trasande and his colleagues used data from a study of about 1,000 elderly Swedes whose blood was sampled to estimate their exposures to certain chemicals. Specifically, the researchers looked at four so-called “diabetogens”: two phthalates (plastics additives), a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and PFNA, a surface-coating compound.

From the data they calculated a reduction in diabetes risk if exposure to each compound dropped by 25 percent. Although their estimates found reducing exposure to any one chemical didn’t make a difference, cutting back on all four together resulted in a 13 percent drop in diabetes prevalence. In comparison, reducing the body mass index of the population led to an estimated 40 percent reduction in diabetes prevalence.

In a study published earlier this month in The Lancet, Trasande and his collaborators estimated that the cost associated with Americans’ exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals—in healthcare expenses, intellectual disabilities, and lost days of work—is about $340 billion per year.

“Our research adds to the growing evidence on the tremendous economic as well as human health costs of endocrine-disrupting chemicals,” Trasande said in a press release.

One limitation of the paper published in The Lancet, according to Joseph Perrone, the chief science officer for the Center for Accountability in Science, is that the study “doesn't distinguish between endocrine action and endocrine disruption,” he told CNN. “This is an important distinction because activity does not by itself cause harm.”

ESCMID experts raise awareness for optimal use of antibiotics to combat AMR

Published on November 21, 2016 at 4:42 AM ·

Experts at the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (ESCMID) are joining colleagues across the globe this week to promote prudent use of antibiotics. They show their support for the European Antibiotic Awareness Day (EAAD) on 18 November, which was inaugurated in 2006 to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance. EAAD forms part of World Antibiotic Awareness week from 14 – 20 November, which reflects the fact that the war against antimicrobial resistance must be a global effort. Some of the society’s activities throughout this week and since its foundation more than 30 years ago are highlighted on its dedicated Fighting Resistance webpage.

On 18 November ESCMID is organizing a number of activities to promote prudent use of antibiotics in Europe. These include events at healthcare institutions and public campaigns on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), surveillance and antibiotic stewardship programmes in Moldova, Turkey, Spain, Cyprus and the Netherlands.
Prof. Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, ESCMID President-elect and Secretary General:

Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat that has been at the core of ESCMID’s activities – at our study groups, committees, courses and conferences over the past years. Our experts have been committed to developing hands-on solutions by supporting and promoting research and training to tackle the problem around the world. The society offers professional training and programmes on antimicrobial stewardship, infection control and surveillance resistance. It develops medical guidelines, policies for antimicrobial use, and initiatives to promote novel diagnostics, vaccines and therapies.

The society has undertaken a number of initiatives to effectively fight the growing problem. Only in September ESCMID together with the American Society for Microbiology organized an international conference on drug development to meet the AMR challenge. Drawing from the outcomes of the conference ESCMID plans to publish a position paper on its strategy and role in the fight against AMR.
AMR will once again be one of the main topics at ECCMID, the world’s largest congress in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology usually gathering some 12,000 specialists, from 22 – 25 April 2017 in Vienna. A book on antimicrobial stewardship produced by ESCMID and ESCMID Study Group for Antibiotic Policies (ESGAP) is due for publication in April 2017. The book has been developed by key experts in the field as a practical ‘hands-on’ book to help antimicrobial stewardship team members design and implement their programme, in all healthcare settings. It can also be used as an undergraduate and postgraduate training tool for infectious diseases specialists, microbiologists, pharmacists, nurses, and any other professionals involved in antimicrobial stewardship.
ESCMID has been supporting governments and international organizations to develop and implement policies on evidence-based prevention, infection control, surveillance of resistance, antimicrobial stewardship and sanitation to guarantee an optimal use of antimicrobial medicines. The society welcomes the fact that the topic moved to the top of the global agenda in September when the United Nations General Assembly called a high-level meeting to address a problem that is projected to cause up to 10 million annual deaths by 2050.

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Concrete efforts of ESCMID over the past years include the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), jointly organized by ESCMID and the ECDC, which defines so-called breakpoints required to define optimal dosing of antibiotics and thus distinguish between therapeutic success and failure. Recently EUCAST completed a review of breakpoints or fluoroquinolone and carbapenem, two of the most important groups of antibiotics, and defined breakpoints and susceptibility methods for new agents and additional bacterial species. Its experts also conducted a study that showed that phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (PAST) is a better predictor of susceptibility, while whole genome sequencing (WGS) is more useful for characterizing resistance genes and mechanisms.
One of the more recent initiatives include European Committee on Infection Control (EUCIC), which was created in 2014 to support the implementation of infection control and preventive (ICPM) measures to reduce the burden of healthcare-associated infections. Among many on going projects, EUCIC is currently involved in the PERCEPT-R project, which aims to investigate the perceptions of infection control specialists regarding AMR and infection prevention and control in different countries, and the role played by the cultural, contextual and behavioural aspect on the prevention of AMR. In order to contribute to the harmonisation of ICPM and standardisation of procedures, EUCIC is working on developing new educational tools that could provide a new generation of infection control specialists with a global European perspective and competence. Increasing burden of infectious diseases, epidemiology as well as demographic changes and mass migration are overwhelming facts that no nation alone will be able to overcome.
EUCIC together with major stakeholders and the national representatives in the EUCIC advisory board is currently developing a European training programme for infection control in healthcare settings.
AMR will continue to be a focus for ESCMID education
ESCMID has offered courses relevant to antimicrobial stewardship and drug-resistant infections this year, including:

• 18-19 January (Cape Town, South Africa): Diagnosis and management of drug-resistant TB.
• 7-8 April (Ijmuiden Aan Zee, Netherlands): Antimicrobial stewardship.
• 29 May - 1 June 2016 (Groningen, Netherlands): Infection Prevention and Control: Let's Get Practical!, ESCMID Postgraduate Technical Workshop.
• 20-23 September (Bochum, Germany): Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and surveillance from laboratory to clinic.

Further courses are planned for the coming 12 months, including:

• Hospital-Acquired Infections: Understanding the Magnitude and Needed Interventions, 23 – 24 March in Muscat, Oman
• Antimicrobial Resistance Across Europe and the Far East: Issues and Solutions, 26 -27 May 2017, Taipei, Taiwan
• Advanced Technical Workshop: Infection and Resistance Prevention in the Regional Healthcare Network, 31 May – 1 June 2017, Groningen, Netherlands
• Emerging Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Problems and Solutions, 14 - 15 September 2017, Fribourg, Switzerland
• Antimicrobial Stewardship: Principles and Practice, 4 - 6 October 2017, Istanbul, Turkey

Source:

https://www.escmid.org/

Epidemiology 2016

Meet With World Leading Epidemiologist

Epidemiologic researchers, educators, and policy makers from academia, public health, government, and industry are invited to come together at the Sixth Epidemiology Congress of the France. The Congress aims to showcase and promote the diversity of study, practice and policy within epidemiology as a whole to improve the health of diverse populations. The meeting will include plenary addresses from visionary leaders; symposia addressing emerging issues cutting across topical fields; spotlight and poster sessions selected from submitted abstracts; and awards for a variety of accomplishments in our field.For more details visit http://epidemiology.conferenceseries.com/ 

Marseille Conferences

Marseille  Conferences

Marseille, also known as Marseilles in English, is a major city in France. The capital of the Bouches-du-Rhône department and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, Marseille. Known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Massalia. Marseille was the most important trading centre in the region and the main commercial port of the French Empire. Marseille is now France's largest city on the Mediterranean coast and the largest port for commerce, freight and cruise ships. The city was European Capital of Culture, together with Košice, Slovakia, in 2013. It hosted the European Football Championship in 2016, and will be the European Capital of Sport in 2017. The city is home to several campuses of Aix-Marseille University and part of one of the largest metropolitan conurbations in France, the Metropolis of Aix-Marseille-Provence.

Market Analysis & Funding  for Pharma | Nursing | Immunology |Neuroscience | Cancer | Engineering | Cardiology| Diabetes  in Marseille

Pharmaceuticals

Examination depends on the geological development rate from exploration and headway appeared amid the specific year as far as billion dollars at Marseille. The report highlights that the development of pharmaceutical business sector has been expanded from 2006 to 2008 then it backs off in the year of 2012 and again there was a consistent development appeared during the time from 2014 to 2015. This figure had expanded to 28.2% by2016 and anticipated that would continue as before.

Figure 1: Expected Growth Rate of Pharma Sector at Marseille (in Billion Dollars)

Nursing

As indicated by business sector investigation report, Immigration of outside(- prepared) attendants can make a huge commitment to a nation's medical caretaker workforce. Remote medical caretakers made up 40.8%, 52% and 69.23% of the attendant workforce in the year 2000 to 2010. The extent of outside prepared enrolled medical attendants in france in the year 2015 was observed to be up to 72% separately. Information demonstrate a diminished rate in the year 2005 albeit late inquires about and propels in the field of nursing are liable to be expanded in future years.

Figure 3: Year wise Gross expenditures for Nursing at Marseille (in Billion Dollars)

Immunology

As the business sector report of Immunology in France shows that there is persistent decrease rate was seen in the year 2012 to 2014, that is the reason France has expanded its R&D ventures by 15% to 20% every year for most recent 2 years; while in the meantime, U.S. Research and development spending expanded at not as much as a large portion of those rates. Thus, France's venture is currently around 61% that of the U.S., and keeping on shutting. France's working class would anticipated that would extend from 35% to 75%.

Figure 4: Year wise Gross expenditures on R&D in the field of Immunology

Neuroscience

Worldwide neuroscience market size was esteemed at USD 32.09 billion in 2013 and is required to develop at a CAGR of 3.9% over the figure time frame. Key development considering qualities connected with the neuroscience market incorporate rising R&D in neuroinformatics for the improvement of effective instruments and calculations to upgrade cerebrum basically and practical mapping.

The nearness of significant government financing empowering the continuation of such research is required to keep the development stable over the gauge time frame. It is normal that novel item improvement resultant of progressing R&D will advance impact development amid the estimate time frame.

          
Figure 5: France Neuroscience market by technology 2012-2020(USD Million)

Cancer

As indicated by business sector investigation report, Cancer establishments the nation over are depending more intensely than any other time in recent memory on pharmaceutical industry financing for examination and advances. As the graphical representation proposes that there is an unconstrained development was watched structure recent years and fundings for tumor exploration was likewise observed to be comparvetively expanded for malignancy other than different zones.

Figure 6: The numbers of applications received and grants awarded in recent years 2006-2016

Engineering

Market Report of Marseille mirrors the unconstrained development rate in the field of electrical Engineering and Mechanical designing by 80-94.8% consistently. However the development rate was observed to be least in the field of Aeronautical Engineering and Architecture Degrees.

Figure 2: Expected Growth Rate of Engineering at Marseille (in Billion Dollars)

Cardiology

Worldwide cardiology business sector is developing quickly and is relied upon to reach $98.9 billion by 2020. Cardiovascular signs, for example, heart disappointment, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Hypercholesterolemia, and Hypertension got all out endeavor subsidizing of $2.4 Billion throughout the most recent 10 years, and represented 6% of aggregate funding raised.

Figure 7: Total Venture Funding’s in (billion dollar)

Diabetes

Around 30-40% of Endocrine endeavor is in Type 2 Diabetes. The total aggregate of novel drug Endocrine theory is practically 10x that for Type I Diabetes-focused associations in both five-year windows. Instance of non-novel: Peaks in 2011 and 2012 are financings for movement progressions of avowed drugs with a $150 million C round and a $163 million Series D. This record for 75% and 85% of those two years of Type II Diabetes financing.

 

Figure 8: Total Venture Funding’s for Type-2 Diabetes in (billion dollar)

Marseille City Highlights

Marseille city of France has one university named Aix-Marseille University and three education institutions that are outside the university framework within the city. There are total 85 universities in France including 16 full range Universities and remaining 69 are specialized in the particular departments ranging from medical, arts, law, Sciences etc.

Universities In Marseille | Marseille Conferences

Aix-Marseille University

Université de Montpellier 1

Université de Montpellier 2

Université Paul Valery Montpellier 3
Université de Strasbourg

Université de Haute Alsace

Université de Bordeaux 

Université de Bordeaux 1

Université Michel Montaigne

Université Montesquieu

Université Ségalen

Université de Pau et du Pays de l'Adour

Université Blaise Pascal

Université d'Auvergne

Université de Rennes 1

Université de Haute Bretagne

Université de Bretagne occidentale

Université de Bretagne sud

Universite de Bourgogne

Université d'Orléans

Université Rabelais

Université de Reims

Université Paoli

Université de Franche Comté

Université de Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne

Université de Paris 2 PanthéonAssas

Université de Paris III Sorbonne Nouvelle

Université de Paris IV Sorbonne

Université Descartes Paris 5

Université Curie, Paris 6

Université Diderot Paris 7

Université catholique de Paris

Université Paris VIII Vincennes à Saint Denis

Université Paris Ouest

Université Paris est Créteil Val de Marne   Paris XII

Université Paris XIII nord

Université Paris Est Marne la Vallée

Université de Cergy Pontoise

Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines

Université d'Evry   Val d'Essonne

Université Paris sud   Paris XI

Université de Nimes

Université de Perpignan

Université de Limoges

Université de Lorraine

Université de Lorraine

Université de Lorraine

Université de Toulouse 1   Capitole

Université de Toulouse II   Le Mirail

Université Paul Sabatier

Institut Catholique de Toulouse

Université Champollion

Université d'Artois

Université de Lille 1

Université de Lille 2   Droit et Santé

Université Charles de Gaulle   Lille III

Université Catholique de Lille

Université du Littoral

Université de Valen ciennes

Université de Basse Normandie

Université du Havre

Université de Rouen

Université d'Angers

Université catholique de l'Ouest

Université du Maine

Université de Nantes

Université de Picardie   

Université de technologie de Compiègne

Université de La Rochelle

Université de Poitiers

Aix Marseille Université

Université d'Avignon

Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis

Université de Toulon

Université de Savoie

Université Joseph Fourier

Université Pierre Mendès France

Université Stendhal Grenoble III

Université Claude Bernard   Lyon I

Université Lumière   Lyon II

Université Jean Moulin   Lyon III

Université catholique de Lyon

Université Jean Monnet

Associations in Marseille | Marseille Conferences

Marseille has many associations which belong to various sectors and these associations aid in the growth of the state’s economy by providing a lot of funding programs. Some of the famous and reputed associations to be mentioned are,

French Association of Oncology Nurses

French Cancer Society

Société Française de Chirurgie Plastique Reconstructrice et Esthétique

French Society of Immunology

French Society of Dermatology

French National Cancer Institute

French Society of Oncology Pharmacy

French Society of Radiation Oncology

French Phytopathological Society

Nursing and Midwifery Council

French Society for the History of Dermatology

French Society of Ophthalmology

Florence Network for Nursing and Midwifery

France Lymphoma Hope

Franco-African Pediatric Oncology Group

French Psychological Society

Federation of French Psychologists

French League against Cancer

French Federation of Cardiology

Association of the Psychologists of French Guyana

European Association for Injury Prevention and Safety Promotionm

Cohort Study vs Case Study

Cohort Study, you are studying the risk factor and see if you can associate a disease to it. Therefore, you use Relative Risk and Attributable Risk. You can measure incidence in prospective and retrospective cohort studies. Note that cohort study can be retrospective i.e you follow the cohort in past time by checking their hospital records. For example, you can say the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was xx% in Asian immigrants who immigrated to the US in the period (2010-2013).

Case-Control Study, you are studying the disease and see if you can associate risk factors to it. Therefore, you use Odds Ratio. Case-Control Studies are typically done for rare diseases; you compare the small number of rare disease with a control group and find out if there was a risk factor that might have caused their disease. Commonly case control studies are retrospective.

For Example: If you make a study to find out the percentage of smokers among lung cancer patients versus the percentage of smokers among those who do not have lung cancer then this is case-control. Conversely, if you follow smokers and non-smokers in time and see who develop lung cancer or not, then this is a cohort study. Please see attached more info. Hope this helps.

Exploring Emerging Markets in Epidemiology

Global Epidemiology Market  provides an overview of the disease and global market size of the Cervical Cancer for the 7MM (United States, EU5 (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and UK) and Japan. It also includes global historical and forecasted epidemiological data for the diagnosed incident cases of Cervical Cancer from 2013-2023. Factors like increased scope of epidemiology and infection, epidemiology of malaria, epidemiology statistics, epidemiology of cancer, epidemiology and biostatistics, epidemiology prevalence, epidemiology community, epidemiology study design and data analysis, epidemiology and public health, epidemiology relative risk, epidemiology schizophrenia, epidemiology hiv, epidemiology of tuberculosis, epidemiology breast cancer, epidemiology and causes of preterm birth, epidemiology of hypertension; rise in awareness for health & government and institution funds for research have immensely contributed for the rising demand for the epidemiology market. However, the Asia-Pacific region represents a significant growth opportunity for the Epidemiology market during the forecast period of 2014 to 2019.

"Epidemiological and health transitions in the 21st century -

Everyone interested in the future of emerging - epidemiology for public health practice is encouraged to attend. Connect with our social network pages to get regular industry updates.

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